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The sensor needs to have an energy resolution better than 200 eV FWHM at 1 keV and is required to cover an energy range from 0.5 to 10 keV, for a pixel size of 300 × 300 μ m 2. MIXS images X-ray fluorescent radiation from the Mercury surface with a lightweight X-ray mirror system on the focal plane detector to measure the spatially resolved element abundance in Mercury's crust. The readout noise has been determined to be as low as 3.5 e - ENC, a spectroscopic resolution of 128 eV FWHM ( 5.5 e - ENC) at 55Mn-K α (133 eV ( 7 e - ENC) for backside illumination) has been measured.Įven at room temperature, the detectors show an acceptable performance with a total noise of 17-and an energy resolution of 190 eV ( 17 e - ENC)įocal plane instrumentation based on DEPFET Macropixel devices, being a combination of the Detector–Amplifier structure DEPFET with a silicon drift chamber (SDD), has been proposed for the MIXS (Mercury Imaging X-ray Spectrometer) instrument on ESA's Mercury exploration mission BepiColombo. the device was illuminated from both front- ConclusionsĭEPMOSFET based X-ray detector prototypes for XEUS have been characterized with respect to readout noise and spectroscopic resolution. The device was illuminated with an 55Fe source while being operated in a dried air atmosphere within a climate chamber at temperatures between + 20 ∘ C and - 60 ∘ C. The measurements presented in the following were made on the structure type which turned out to show the best performance. Having been designed for Measurement resultsĪs this has been the first sensor prototype production, many different pixel variants have been produced, the most promising of which have in the meantime been determined. A more detailed description of the front-end electronics can be found in Ref.įor switching the gate, cleargate and clear voltages, the SWITCHER II IC is used, which is a 64 channel, dual output, high voltage switching circuit manufactured in an AMS high voltage CMOS process. 4 shows photographs of a fully assembled readout hybrids. The matrix devices are integrated together with the required front-end ICs and additional filter circuitry onto a hybrid carrier. Electron–hole pairs generated in the silicon bulk are DEPMOSFET readout The potential minimum for electrons thus generated is confined further in lateral direction to the area below the transistor channel by an additional n-doped region, which also increases the depth of the potential minimum. The bulk is fully depleted making use of the principle of sideways depletion. Here, measurements on noise and spectroscopic performance are presented.Ī DEPMOSFET consists of a p-channel MOS-field effect transistor integrated on the surface of a high resistivity n-type silicon bulk. Results on measurements on DEpleted P-channel MOSFET (DEPMOSFET) structures presented elsewhere, have proven the suitability of DEPMOSFET-based devices for the advanced requirements of the XEUS experiment. The new devices use MOSFETs as amplifying transistors instead of the JFETs used in earlier devices, as better homogeneity and reproducibility can be provided in this way. Ī production of DEPFET sensors including sensor prototypes for XEUS has recently been finished at the MPI semiconductor laboratory in Munich.
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At the present stage, the device will have a total area of 76.8 × 76.8 mm, divided into 1024 × 1024 pixels of 75 × 75 μ m size each.
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As with the latest advancements of technology large-area APS sensors using DEPFETs come within reach, a design concept for the Wide Field Imager (WFI), of the X-ray Evolving Universe Spectroscopy (XEUS), mission was proposed, which includes a large area DEPFET array. The xBoard Illuminators are made from high impact ABS plastic and are designed to help prevent damage to the LEDs.DEPFET APS-based sensors of the current generation turned out to be a promising new concept for both imaging applications and high-resolution spectroscopy. Available in Red, White, Blue, Green, Yellow and Orange, you and your friends can have lighted skateboards just like those guys with the cool cars. A slide switch activates the LEDs, which illuminates the surface underneath and around your skateboard. Two AA batteries power the units and provide over 50 hours of bright light. Each unit consists of six super bright LEDs that emit light in four directions (forward, rearward, left and right). Each pair of xBoard Illuminators attaches to your skateboard between the truck and deck (just like a riser pad). Xboard Illuminators Available at Toys'R'Usĭesigned especially for the late night skaters, the xBoard Illuminators are skateboard lights that will add a new and exciting appearance to your skateboard.